Environmental Sciences
Environmental Science is a term to describe an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to the study of the effects that human actions have on environmental systems. The industries in this sector are very scientific in nature.
It brings together multiple disciplines to cooperatively and collaboratively understand and manage the natural environment, solve environmental problems, and come up with strategies to restore air, land and water ecosystems.
In real world terms, it makes more sense to view Environmental Science from the perspective of the issues it deals with rather than trying to stick to a fixed list of sciences that are or will be solving these problems.
See Chapter 7 of Green Careers For Dummies for additional information about these sciences.
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Atmospheric Science - Within this area scientists study meteorological phenomenon, greenhouse gas phenomena, global warming, how airborne contaminants are dispersed in the atmosphere, how sound propagation relates to noise pollution, and even light pollution. These studies would employ experts such as physicists, chemists, biologists, meteorologists, and oceanographers.
Detailed Atmospheric Science Industry Profile Available (link below)
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Earth Science - Geosciences (also known as Earth Sciences) is a discipline that includes environmental geology, environmental soil science, volcanic phenomena and evolution of the Earth's crust. The study of soil erosion is one example of the ways geoscience would fall under the Environmental Sciences umbrella. There are four major disciplines in earth sciences, namely geography, geology, geophysics and geodesy. Some specializations in this area of science are geologists, environmental soil experts, hydrologists, oceanographers, physicists, biologists, and even mathematicians.
Detailed Earth Science Industry Profile Available (link below)
- Geology Industry Profile Available
- Geophysics and Geodesy Industry Profile Available
- Geography Industry Profile Available
- GIS Industry Profile Available
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Ecology - Ecology typically employs the analysis of the interactions between organisms and some aspect of their environment. Here you might address endangered species, interactions between predators and their prey, habitat integrity, effects of environmental contaminants on biological populations, or an analysis of the impact a proposed land development will have on species viability. An interdisciplinary team analyzing an ecological system being impacted by one or more stress conditions might include biologists, chemists, physicists, geologists, and ecologists.
Detailed Ecology Industry Profile Available (link below)
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Environmental Chemistry - Environmental chemistry is the study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in nature. Environmental Chemistry studies the sources, reactions, movement, effects, and outcomes of chemical species in the air, soil, and water environments; and the effect human activity has on them. It is an interdisciplinary science that includes atmospheric, aquatic and soil chemistry, as well as heavily relying on analytical chemistry and environmental and other areas of science. Most common occupations solving problems for Environmental Chemistry are physicists, chemists, biologists, and environmental soil experts.
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Green Chemistry - If you want to create safer and more efficient industrial chemicals, drugs, and consumer products, green chemistry is for you. Green chemistry addresses pollution and hazard prevention at the molecular level. This work is needed to reduce risks to both human health and the environment by reducing or eliminating the use and generation of hazardous substances used in chemical products and manufacturing processes in favor of more benign ones.
Detailed Green Chemistry Industry Profile Available (link below)
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Hydrology - Hydrology is the science that studies the occurrence, distribution, movement and properties of the waters of the earth and their relationship with the environment within each phase of the hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic cycle, more plainly called water cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. Hydrologists study all of the physical, chemical and biological processes involving water as it travels its various paths in the atmosphere, over and beneath the earth's surface and through growing plants. Hydrological studies also provide insight for environmental engineering, policy and planning.
Detailed Hydrology Industry Profile Available (link below)
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